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Task: Almost every successful company is using advertisements to increase their sales. What features make an advertisement effective? Is advertising good or bad? Although the majority of enterprises use ads to increase their sales, only some of them become successful. I do believe that there are some criteria which should be taken into account to make an advertisement effective. In addition, From a societal perspective, even though ads have positive effects, the adverse impacts of that them cannot be neglected. There are various methods to make an influential advertisement. Companies should recruit designers, directors and screenwriters who are able to produce special ads which can easily stimulate the consumers' interests. They know how to persuade individuals to buy certain products by implementing various methods ranging from celebrity endorsement, special effects to wonderful music. Novelty could also be a decisive factor; these days the masses are frustrated by clichés, so new ideas could play a vital role to in catching the consumers' attention. Advertising is an avenue to introduce produce new products and services to people which in turn could satisfy people's requirements. I would argue that advertisements pave the way for people to be familiar with products, so ads empower the masses to choose the most appropriate choice among tens, if not, hundreds of products. In addition, how could individuals could be informed about a new product which is worth buying? Surely ads are not only the most effective choice but also the only one. Advertisements also have some negative effects/downsides like targeting young minds, producing harmful products and creating a consumer society. For instance, advertising alcohol, cigarettes and carbonated beverages could pose serious threats to the human well beings on the one hand and encourageing us to buy unnecessary products leading to a consumer society on the other hand. All in all, I do believe that adverts would mutually benefit both companies and individuals, if we considered some special factors in producing them as well as imposing standard measures in broadcasting.

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In many countries these days, the number of people continuing their education after school has increased, and the range of courses available at universities and colleges has also increased. Dou think this is a positive or negative development? With technological developments By developing the technology and global changes, the need for of academic education is felt more than before. To that end, the demand for education and the range of courses at universities is has increased extensively which . It can be a positive development toward rising raising the level of awareness and knowledge of individuals. People wish to enter the universities and gain academic achievements. Not only do they have they professional skills, but also the job opportunities. Obviously, as the unemployment rate has an additive upward/rising trend, most of the work places and companies employ educated and informed ones. Therefore, the hope is that when they enter the university, they can gain the job skills and the abilities needed for their future career future. In addition, various courses available at universities and colleges enhance the desire of people to study. Moreover, as the courses are more detailed, the occupations will be more specified. It results in improving the career status and employment. Regardless of the positive development, there are some disadvantages too. Some of the courses are not associated with the needs of society which meaning .it means that the demand and the economic basis of a country should be considered. According to this factor the irrelevant courses can be limited. Apart from that, university fees are really/excessively high and the people have to pay a large amount of money for their education to the extent that . As long as they become graduated but remain unemployed. It is one of the most important concerns in most of societies. Especially in developing countries, as the statistics shows a large number of unemployed educated people, the government should set provide facilities to make job opportunities. In conclusion, in my opinion we cannot ignore the positive development evolution to make/help a society included the cultured individuals which and it directly has a favorable effects on education and training of the next generation of the society.

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Some people feel that entertainers (e.g. film stars, pop musicians or sports stars) are paid too much money. Do you agree or disagree? Which other types of jobs should be highly paid? Nowadays, there is the other a controversial issue relating to the entertainers' salaries such as sportsmen, film stars or musicians. Before reaching any conclusion,consequences I believe that there is no conflict difference between different/various jobs and all of them should be paid sufficient income which they deserve. Therefore, this essay discusses about both entertainers and other professions. At this juncture in history that people spend most of their time at work, entertainments play a vital role in their lives because which many actors, comedians or other entertainers devote themselves just to in satisfying the nation. In other words, they rescue us from boredom and monotony. Hence, not only do they serve the people or society but also they considerably impact on the country. As such, the more enjoyment, the more inspiration and sprightliness. In addition, there is the fact that these influential artists are those who have been training from their childhood. Moreover, in my estimation their work lasts for a shorter span of time in comparison with other professions like being teachersteaching, medicine doctors or engineerings. On the other hand, working as a doctor who get involvesd in high risk., there is more to getting a high salary than merely to safeguarding the peoples' lives, No matter how juvenile they are. Further, they deserve high amounts of incomes to pay. Overpaid in these decades, doctors study for many years and strive to raise their degree. As my own experience, I work for 8 eight hours daily as an architect who studiesy for 6 six years but I have be never been paid as much as I expect. To sum it up, from my point of view, there is no job more valuable than the others and everyone should be paid fairly. Nonetheless, the government should not decrease the entertainers' salaries. Furthermore, if we keep the balance between the various careers, it can lead to add more serenity in the society. Melika Nafar

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Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The ability to maintain friendships with a small number of people over a long period of time is more important for happiness than the ability to make many new friends easily. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Maintaining healthy relations can be quite difficult in today's world and there are many aspects of our interactions with others that we need to worry about. It is undeniable that happiness is an essential part of our life. I completely agree that we should keep our close friends for an extended time due to the fact that we can rely on them and create a wonderful time. To begin with, people who have old friends have a chance to share their feelings and concerns. Not only do they exactly know each other but also they become familiar with their behavior. If you make find a new mate, you will need some time to get accustomed to with one another. In addition, speaking about their memories, people could bring true happiness to their life. My own experience is a compelling example of this. When I was a child, I went to the preschool and I met my new friend, called Ali. We suddenly/immediately became a friends. Since that time, we are have been friends about twenty-five years old . We spent so much time together and visited many places such as the Great Wall of China, New York City. and so on. We always reminisce talk about the pastour permanent memorial. There is more to having long-standing friends than just being with some people. Furthermore, I could receive more support from my soul mates because I could trust them easily especially, whether you are faced with a dilemma or borrowing extra money. As such, the relation among them could be closer. As an illustration, last year, I had to decide whether to leave my job or go to the a new company. At first, I was so quite confused since there were advantages and disadvantages to both my positions. Then, I talked to my best friend who . He explained to me how I should choose my priorities. As the a result, I decided that it was better to leave my organization and accepted my new offer. If I did not consult with him, how I would I be able to should respond to this situation. To put it in the a nutshell, a marvelous/ineffable feeling is a natural result of keeping old valuable allies. Therefore, people need to keep their pals since they share worthy memories.

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News stories on TV and in newspapers are very often accompanied by pictures. Some people say that these pictures are more effective than words. What is your opinion about this? These days, the use of pictures in on press and on the screen has become more widespread rather than words in a news broadcasts. Yet there remains some disagreement as to whether such a trend should be considered in an optimistic or pessimistic lightapproach. While there are certainly valid arguments to the contrary, I personally believe that the advantages of this factor far outweigh its drawbacks. First of all, it is an indisputable fact that the effect of colours on viewers is significant in terms of psychology. Images are colourful and are able to draw spectators' attention more than merely some text. Although affecting literacy positively, writings does do not possess the ability to absorb people as such due to lack of beauty. Admittedly, sporting newspapers in which several pictures are set for firing the enthusiasm of interested individuals are particular examples in this regard even though their content are is superficial such as tabloids. Equally importantly, thoughhowever, pictures are more likely to be comprehensive compared with words. Not only does an impressive photo affect individuals readily and completely, but also it possesses the ability to be long-lasting. Despite consequences of some movies and pictures on children in terms of violence and unacceptable content in some cases, I contend that the role of images in conveying the information easily is recommended to be highlighted while humankind lives in a hectic paced life and the necessity of fast news is undeniable. In aby way of conclusion, I endorse the idea that the more pictures are used in news, the more influential the reports could be while these kinds of press are highly tied to people's visual sense and consequently, their comprehension. Vahid

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In many counties schools have severe problems with student behaviour. What do you think are the causes of this? What solutions can you suggest? Amin Neshan Have you ever seen challenges teachers have with students' disorders through media? Dealing with silly behaviours are is now an integral part of a teacher's professional life since such students' s lack of respectful interaction with others has become widespread recently mainly because of industrial development particularly in urban life. Contrary to previous generations, there are always a number of students whose behaviours contradict normal reactions although they may have quite distinguished parents. Observing some pupils who not only do not respect their teachers but also are vicious with their peers, schools staff are now completely frustrated. To the best of my knowledge, there are several causes to create such a serious problem at school. To begin with, luxury lives, particularly in cities, result in both parents to workworking to earn more income, having no time to spend with their children. It seems obvious that the last resort for the parents is either to keep their children in a nursery or leave them alone at home both of which contribute to the development of disorders in children in my country. In addition, owing to monetary reasons, many parents make a decision to have one child according to which the single child will be cherished in every stage of development in his or her life which leads to spoiling him or her. Another possible factor in this respect is that many parents who cannot dedicate sufficient time to their children make attempt to make up for it with providing them with substantial facilities which ends in raising selfish attitudes in the children. Many solutions have been devised by established teachers, psychologists, and wise principals from a number of angles. I maintain that the first and foremost way to address the issue entails the cooperation between parents and schools. Parents should became become aware of the idea fact that many disorders observed in their children can be traced to themselves. They will be witness to/of silly reactions in their children, unless they learn how to deal with inferior responses first hand. Such category of parents are also highly suggested advised to have close ties with a psychologist regarding to their children's behaviour and their own responses. In conclusion, parents should recognize that what causesd selfish behaviour to grow in their children is the very notion according to which they desire to provide considerably for their family. If parents ignore a luxury life in order to have enough tome time with their family, the beneficiaries of this resolution will be themselves in the first place.

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People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experience, career preparations, increased knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. The craving for learning and increasing the knowledge is an innate part of each human being. Since, we have been children,he was a child, we have tried to make new discoveries/to find out new things and when we he growing up this desire is has boosted as well. I opine the most tangible reason for attending college or university is to feed this hunger. A University degree is influencesing, in the first place, your social position, and the secondly, your future job's salary. The first thing/point is that anyone would think about going to college is to get a higher level of education. The University period, not only flourishes helps your hidden talents flourish, but also educates you in experiential/empirical information about the field of your future career. The first priority in to finding an appropriate job is to earn your livelihood. As much as you use this knowledge, and apply yourself, you'll have more chance to find a better position with better salary and perks. A University degree directly influences your social position. It could be in your relationships, or your level of life. As since your entrance, probably you are able to find new friends who have a parallel way of thinking or targets as you for their lives. So, you can have friends with better quality, and your peers can understand your situation a bit easier so you can make establish/develop more stronger relationships with them. It's obvious that having relationships with educated people has positive effects. For example a good partner for your life. Unfortunately in my country, one of the reasons of which boys like to go to university is military service, which is forced. They want to postpone it for at least 4 four years and make it easier than it is. All in all, attending university is not the only choice for life or work, and anyone has their his or her own reason for it, but it would be a great experience, if you can afford it!

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Advantages and disadvantages of young adults? Today, due to the unsafe social, economical and political situation, the population of the olds elderly is rapidly growing. In the past few decades, this has become a controversial subject to the governments to the point that they encourage people to step into the path of starting a family by providing them with facilities. But the question remains whether this is to the benefit of a society or not. This essay will study the pros and cons of having high numbers of adults in compared to that of the old olds. As we are all aware, people are way energetic and active when young. Between the age of eighteen and forty they have the chance of reaching the peak of their success. In contrast, the older they get, the less enthusiasmt they have to set a goal and move towards it. Moreover, when on one hand the quantity of the youngsters grows, on the other hand the quality of happiness increases among people. Besides, a young workforce who is familiar with technology could help in amelioration of a country's economyical, industryial, technologyical wise as well as other aspects. But this young population has needs and if they are not satisfied, we will face an aimless group of people. They require basic elements such as jobs, education and money for a guaranteed future. In developing countries like Iran with and unstable economic situation, people find it difficult to have a proper job, let alone getting married and having a family. Thus their marital status stays single until they reach a loyal/satisfying point in their lives, which mostly happens when they are at their early mid ages. The problem is that, at that time they are willing to spend the rest of their lives having fun and makinge the best out of it and do not fell feel like taking care of kids. This ends up in having an old population around. A jobless, uneducated person with a few small amount of money in hand will never undergo marriage. If we look around us carefully, we see a young hopeless generation who has the potential of making changes, but unfortunately, since they do not find the opportunity to do so, they make these changes in their appearances by operating numerous surgeries which does do not comply with the norms of society. From my point of view, that growing increasing the numbers of young adults is beneficial is undeniable. But the governments should know how to fulfill their needs and pave the road to a fortunate future.